Clothing Fabrics Woven Fabrics
Woven Fabrics in Apparel
Woven fabrics are created by interlacing weft and warp yarns on a loom, resulting in a distinct directionality for the fabric. They are characterized by having a clear warp (lengthwise) and weft (widthwise) direction. When the material, yarn count, and density of the warp and weft differ, the fabric exhibits anisotropy and various interlacing patterns.
Classification by Composition:
- Cotton fabrics
- Silk fabrics
- Woolen fabrics
- Linen fabrics
- Synthetic fabrics
- Blended and mixed fabrics
Common Types of Woven Fabrics:
- Chiffon
- Oxford cloth
- Denim
- Twill
- Flannel
- Damask
Basic Weave Structures:
- Plain weave (with fine qualities known as poplin)
- Twill (including fine twill, medium twill, coarse twill, cavalry twill, and high-density twill, some of which are also called gabardine)
- Satin weave (known as SATIN or color satin in English)
Elasticity: Woven fabrics can be categorized as elastic or non-elastic. There are several terms for elasticity in fabrics:
- Lycra (a common brand name for spandex, an elastic fiber)
- Elastane
Yarn Count Classification: The classification of woven fabrics can also be based on the yarn count, indicated by 'S' followed by a number (16S, 21S, 32S, etc.), where a higher number signifies a finer yarn and a thinner fabric.
Common Fabric Specifications: For instance, with poplin, common specifications include:
- 40S 133x72 (this refers to the thread count, with 133 warp threads and 72 weft threads per inch)
And other examples could be:
- 60S 120x76
These specifications indicate the fineness of the yarn and the density of the weave, which together determine the fabric's texture and weight.
